Humidity Sensors and Building Air Quality Management

It's summer, and you're on vacation in Florida. The temperature is a steady 80° Fahrenheit, which should be pretty pleasant. But because of the humidity, sweat runs down your back and the air feels super heavy. Sound uncomfortable? It is. 

But humidity doesn't only affect outside air — it can also impact the indoors. Humidity that's too high or too low can cause health issues, damage building infrastructure, and attract pests. That's where humidity sensors can help.

An air humidity sensor is like a thermometer for moisture. It detects moisture in the air and notifies you when humidity exceeds (or falls below) your set preferences. Many buildings use humidity sensors to manage air quality and HVAC systems. With one installed, you can keep occupants comfortable, reduce energy consumption, and safeguard your property.

Why Humidity Matters for Indoor Air Quality

 lot goes into maintaining a comfortable building environment. Things that may be taken for granted — like air conditioning or electricity — are quickly noticed when they fail. Humidity control is one of those things you don't really think about until it affects you.

In an indoor environment, high humidity contributes to mold and mildew growth. And it happens quickly — just 24 hours in a humid environment is enough for mold fungi to proliferate. Those mold spores can fly through the air, attach to walls, and dive into hidden compartments. That's problematic for anyone exposed, but especially for those with pre-existing respiratory issues. They may experience breathing problems, asthma attacks, and severe allergies.

Low humidity isn't healthy, either. When it occurs, there's not enough moisture indoors. If you've ever wondered about indoor air quality in winter, know that many buildings suffer from low humidity. The dry air comes from excess heating. Low humidity environments harbor viruses, which is one reason colds peak during the winter months. 

At humidity levels below 40%, static electricity builds up. This can damage electrical components and create safety risks.

Types of Humidity Sensors

A humidity sensor can track humidity levels throughout every room in your commercial building. They do that by detecting changes in electrical currents and room temperatures. Types of humidity sensors include:

• Capacitive humidity sensors: Most sensors fall into this category. They can measure humidity levels from 0% to 100% and are relatively low cost. They're commonly used in HVAC systems, cars, and kitchen appliances.

• Resistive humidity sensors: These sensors are capable of monitoring relative humidity of up to 90%. They're useful for remote or distance monitoring where the sensor and the circuit may not be right next to one another. Industrial and commercial buildings frequently use this type of sensor.

• Thermal conductivity sensor: These sensors are useful for high-temperature environments, such as ovens and clothes dryers. They're not usually used for monitoring indoor building humidity.

Applications of Humidity Sensors in Commercial Buildings

Any commercial building can benefit from a humidity sensor. In offices and schools, humidity sensors monitor for air quality issues. Catching a problem early gives staff time to locate and repair the problem without disruptions to the school or workday.

Humidity sensors that integrate with HVAC systems support better climate control. They help building managers use optimal temperature settings, so air isn't overly dry or wet.

Multi-family housing units also use humidity sensors. When placed in each unit, sensors can detect when humidity gets too high or low. That can alert building staff to potential ventilation or plumbing issues that contribute to humidity. 

Humidity sensors can:

• Improve occupant comfort and health

• Prevent mold growth and structural building damage

• Optimize HVAC performance

They're an effective way to enhance indoor well-being and energy efficiency. 

Frequently Asked Questions About Humidity Sensors

How does humidity play a role in indoor air quality?

In an indoor setting, high humidity creates an environment for mold and mildew growth. These issues can cause respiratory illnesses and allergic reactions. Low humidity can result in dry air, which dries out sinuses and increases the risk of getting sick. Optimal indoor humidity ranges from 30% to 50%. A humidity sensor can detect when levels exceed the optimal scope. 

What sensors are used in air quality monitoring?

Particulate matter and Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) sensors are frequently used to monitor indoor air quality. Particulate matter sensors detect smoke and dust, while NDIR sensors track carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane levels. Capacitive and resistive sensors monitor indoor humidity.

Why is it important to monitor the humidity levels in a manufacturing environment?

High humidity can cause a buildup of static electricity, which is very dangerous if it affects manufacturing equipment. Workers exposed to static electricity may experience shocks. Humidity can also corrode metal machinery. Anything stored in the facility, such as materials or inventory, is at risk of damage from excess moisture. 

Combining Humidity Sensors with Other IoT Devices

Humidity sensors are just one part of a comprehensive indoor air quality management system. Other components, such as temperature controls and carbon dioxide sensors, round out a reliable system that can detect any air issues before they impact building occupants. 

Many commercial buildings use Internet of Things (IoT) devices to monitor air quality. These devices are ultra-sensitive to particles and gases. They collect, analyze, and share data with a central hub, which building owners and managers can view in real-time. 

Other air pollution solutions worth looking into include ozone monitoring and TVOC air quality systems. You might think of ozone problems as a strictly outdoor issue, but they're not. Indoor spaces can suffer from ozone issues caused by appliances and disinfectants. TVOCs from building materials and sprays can negatively impact occupant health.

Attune's IoT devices have an intuitive dashboard that gives you full control over air quality. You'll know when humidity exceeds its range or drops too low. Those insights tell you when it's time to adjust the ventilation or turn on the dehumidifier. Our systems are fully customizable, so you can add other functions, such as TVOC, carbon dioxide, and ozone monitoring to your setup.

To learn how Attune can support your commercial building's indoor air quality, book a demo with our team today!